Co-editeur de “Montreal at the Crossroads”, un livre sur le Turcot et observateur depuis un bon but de temps, voici mon analyse du rapport BAPE.

A mon avis, les commissaires ont evité l’essentiel des critiques clés du projet du MTQ:

1) reduire les volumes de traffique, et non les augmenter (il n’y a aucun echo de cette concept clé dans leur rapport, ils disent tout simplement on doit maintenir la capacité routière).
2) …et comment reduire ces volumes? investir dans le transport en commun (le BAPE indique il faut “etudier” cette question…il n’ont pas reconnu le fait que le MTQ c’est le Ministere de *transport* et non des automobiles…le MTQ doit etre encourager…sinon forcé…d’etudier les deux problematiques ensemble, cela des infrastructure automobile ET transport en common et de developper une vrai strategie de reduction d’automobiles et de “transfer modal”…mot technique qui veut dire–moins de chars, plus de transport en common: evidement, transport en common de qualité, de comfort et vitesse, et abordable. Le BAPE a completement ignorer cette concept).
3) pollution, santé et changement climatiques (le BAPE est supposé d’avoir des expertises sur cette question, mais ils ont accepté aveuglement la declaration du MTQ…”Ah oui, les autos de l’avenir seront beaucoup plus efficace…!!!” Don’t worry, be happy.)

Je dit: pas fort. Vraiment pas fort.

Preemptive press reports suggested the BAPE report on the Turcot was strong, a muscly attack on the MTQs proposal, urging the government to go back to the drawing board and rethink their project.  A careful reading of the conclusion suggests otherwise.

Le Devoir was a bit more nuanced.

My comments and marks on this paper:

TRAFFIC VOLUMES: (the heart of the debate)

“Malgré que des modifications substantielles au projet soient nécessaires, le complexe routier devrait conserver sa capacité actuelle pour répondre à long terme aux besoins en mobilité de la région métropolitaine.”

Read: BAPE commissioners do NOT support a reduction in traffic volumes. Mark: F

MASS TRANSIT: (the key to the heart of debate) (ref. Alfred Deller canta)

“Le promoteur a proposé d’ajouter des voies réservées au transport collectif sur l’autoroute 20, à l’ouest de l’échangeur Turcot. Bien qu’intéressantes, elles ne constituent qu’une amorce d’un éventuel réseau sur le système autoroutier métropolitain et, qui plus est, elles n’ont pas encore fait l’objet d’une conception préliminaire. L’opportunité de les prolonger vers le centre-ville de Montréal, sur l’autoroute 720, mais sans y ajouter de nouvelle voie, mérite d’être examinée. En outre, la place accrue des transports collectifs et actifs dans la métropole et la réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre ont été abondamment discutées en audience publique et plusieurs remettent en question la vision actuelle du ministère des Transports. Le Ministère serait à élaborer un plan de mobilité durable, ce qui pourrait justifier une actualisation du Plan de gestion des déplacements de la région métropolitaine qui remonte à l’an 2000. Cette mise à jour devrait être assortie d’une consultation publique.”

Read:  Mass transit seems to be a good idea, let’s study it further. Let’s make a plan. Mark: C-

DEMOLITION:

“À cet effet, le promoteur devrait examiner, en partenariat avec les Villes de Montréal et Westmount, une façon de réaménager le projet pour éviter ces acquisitions. Si, d’un commun accord, l’acquisition de résidences devenait inévitable, les personnes touchées devraient être compensées de façon à ne pas subir à long terme les inconvénients de ce déménagement forcé.”

Read: let’s try to avoid this, but if we have to, be sure to compensate. (This is already the Law: 3 months rent for tenants, a percentage of the evaluation (less than market) for owners.) Mark: B-

THE FALAISE SAINT JACQUES:

“Le projet présente également l’opportunité de redévelopper l’ancienne cour de triage Turcot et il appartient à la Ville de Montréal et au ministère des Transports de discuter de son devenir. Les emprises ferroviaires et autoroutières déplacées devraient toutefois être ceinturées au nord d’un corridor boisé d’une largeur minimale de 30 m à des fins d’aménagement et de conservation, et au sud d’un monticule boisé d’environ 15 m de large.”

Read: Let the City and the MTQ discuss further. We think a buffer of 30 metres should be okay, at the foot of the Falaise (experts asked for a 100-150 metre buffer). Mark: C

GREENHOUSE GASES and HEALTH:

“Les émissions atmosphériques des véhicules routiers empruntant le complexe Turcot sont également préoccupantes, notamment pour les oxydes d’azote et les matières particulaires. Bien que la qualité de l’air ait eu tendance à s’améliorer dans la métropole, les niveaux de pollution demeurent encore élevés. Les actions gouvernementales prévues en matière d’efficacité énergétique des véhicules pourraient contribuer à améliorer la situation, malgré qu’il ne soit pas possible de l’anticiper avec précision pour les prochaines années.”

Read: cars will get more efficient, no need to worry. Mark: D

URGENCY:

“À l’issue de l’analyse du projet du ministère des Transports et après avoir considéré la documentation produite et les commentaires des participants, la commission d’enquête estime qu’une réfection majeure des structures actuelles est nécessaire.”

Read: Major reconstruction needs to be done. Bien sur!

LONG TERM “STRUCTURING EFFECT” OF THE PROJECT:

“Puisque la reconstruction fixerait pour des décennies la physionomie du complexe et, de là, les contraintes d’aménagement et de vie de quartier, il est primordial de s’assurer que les bons choix soient faits avant le début des travaux, et ce, dans une approche de partenariat avec les collectivités concernées.”

Read: the BAPE recognizes that the project will effect the urban pattern and we should proceed with caution. Mark: B+

Source: Conclusion, BAPE Report 262.  pages 127-128.

Read it yourself and draw your own conclusions.

La Presse  announced the verdict passed down by the BAPE.  In an article Denis Lessard gives his account of the events surrounding the project’s opposition and worries about the cost of the project.

The BAPE’s critical position with regard to the province’s lack of regard for local concerns will be received with a sigh of relief by those who opposed the project.  The province goes back to the drawing board now and it is predicted that this will delay the project for a year or more.

This is gives mayor Tremblay and other political leaders a chance to get ahead of the horse to properly bring Montreal’s plan de transport to the table.  “…now would be a good time for the experts to call for a comité de gouvernance du réseau routier et d’infrastructure transport, that brings together public health dept, community reps, STM, CN, MTQ,…” Jody Negley

La Presse avait une article sur le rapport du BAPE, mais semble-t-il que le rapport lui meme n’est toujours pas publique. Peut-être plus tard dans la journée?

(This entry got lost.)

The entry was a summary of a La Presse article, citing the Minister of Health calling for a halt on highway construction, including the Turcot.

Also of interest: old press release from the Quebec Government on health impacts of the Turcot project; the Conseil régionale de l’environnement-Montreal demo on climate change and the Turcot.

Turcot_walk_Web

Turcot Event Mash-Up Fun Party

Come on down! Party! Whiskey! Mash-ups!

Make a big noise today. Lots of demos to chose from, have a look here.

Looks like one of the biggest and loudest will be at the Jazz Fest site, at 2pm sharp:

A 350 second demonstation against Mr. Harper.

Why 350 seconds?

“Scientists say that 350 parts per million CO2 in the atmosphere is the safe limit for humanity. Learn more about 350 – what it means, where it came from, and how to get there.”

350-chart_0

A nice piece in the Hour on the Turcot debate, from last week.

In these last days before the vote, with scandals rupturing everywhere, it is anybody’s guess what will happen.

Montreal historically gets about 35% of voters out for the municipal election: will this change?

Consider that:

both provincial political machines deeply involved now (some PQsts are supporting Tremblay, so the lines are not so clear);

the municipal arena has become an important source of contracts (e.g, the $350 million dollar water meter contract);

all the papers are boiling with municipal election stuff, so you can’t help but notice.

key themes cut to the heart of what our city is and could be, like the Turcot/mass transit/less cars Trifecta.

But:

The election takes place on a Sunday, for many people, a day of rest.

My guess is: 39% voter turn-out.

Anybody? Anybody?


Here is a nice summary of what happened in San Francisco, in the 1990s, prepared by a graduate student at McGill’s School of Urban Planning, with some lessons learned for Montreal.

In a nutshell, a group of engaged citizens managed to persuade the transport ministry to run a set of “mass transit” friendly criteria through their Monster Model.

(Every transport ministry has one of these, which they use to test different traffic hypotheses to see where bottlenecks occur. Kinda like SimCity, but more complex.)

The results were striking!

Read on to find out what happened: Would the MTQ agree to run some different hypotheses through their Monster Model?

Well, would they?

***

Lewis, S. (1998). Land use and transportation: Envisioning regional sustainability. Transport Policy 5: 147-161.

In 1994, and under political pressure, San Francisco’s Metropolitan Transport Commission (MTC) (the equivalent of our MTQ) finally agreed to use the assumptions recommended by the Regional Alliance for Transit (RAFT) citizens’ group in their computer-modelling program.  RAFT’s recommendations outperformed those of the MTC.  The new computer modelling results provided clear and quantitative support for the viability of alternatives to car-centric development, and demonstrated the redundancy of MTC-proposed freeways.

Context

RAFT, a group of activists and analysts, was critical of the MTC’s 1994 transportation plan for the region of San Francisco.  The plan, they argued, lacked cost-effective transit solutions, was based on faulty assumptions, and, if implemented, would negatively impact the region.   Curious of how RAFT alternative plans would fare in their model, MTC planners invited RAFT to detail an alternative set of assumptions for a “RAFT run”.  This run assumed the same population and employment growth as the MTC run.  Results showed that the RAFT run significantly outperformed the MTC plans.

The MTC approach

The MTC approach included 500 new lane miles of freeway and 2-person carpool lanes, which would effectively lighten the load on existing mixed-use lanes.  This approach had three major shortcomings:

  1. It didn’t address the effects of transportation capacity on land use, economics and demographics.
  2. It didn’t assess alternative solutions, comparing only “project” and “no project” scenarios.
  3. It re-enforced the subsidization of car culture and sprawl.

The RAFT approach

RAFT assumptions centred on pricing reform, land use changes and a redirection of investment.   Assumptions included:

  • Financial incentives to leave your car at home (a cashout of $3.00/day, offered to employees if they choose to trade in their free parking place).
  • Public investment redirected towards transit.
  • Protection of the greenbelt, promotion of “COMUTO” (compact, mixed use, transit-oriented) development, and brownfields revitalization.
  • Cancellation of most new freeways and a case study where more minor road improvements were tested as an alternative scenario.

Key Results

  • While there would be no change in travel speed, mass-transit ridership was projected to go up by 24%, and 128 million gallons less fuel would be consumed per year following RAFT’s recommendations.
  • The case study revealed the large impacts of small, co-ordinated interventions.

Lessons for Montreal

  • The MTC’s computer model, designed to test MTC plans, provided compelling support for RAFT’s proposals.
  • The RAFT run provides quantitative evidence for the effectiveness of modest, strategic policies in achieving multiple objectives.
  • Despite ample evidence in favour of RAFT’s recommendations, the MTC claimed that it lacked the authority to implement such plans, underscoring the power and importance of political context.

Summary prepared by:

Sarah Hrdlicka

CURA: Making Mega-Projects Work for Communities

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One of many transport modeling simulations you can see on Youtube: